Thus, the results above from in-depth mechanistic experiments demonstrated that MIR337-3p targeted/depressed upstream TLR4/MYD88 and STAT3 signaling and the downstream VDR antimicrobial pathways of CYP27B1/DEFB4A/CAMP, leading to an enhanced mycobacterial entry/infection and growth (Figure 3). Here, STAT3 is linked to infection.