Strong immunostaining for C3 could be detected in POS of AMD eyes; (2) POS as a source of C3 and C5 leading to RPE atrophy is consistent with a previous observation of recurrence of RPE atrophy in dry-AMD patients after a full macular translocation procedure44; (3) Multiple reports have demonstrated that RPE cells exposed to physiological stressors can be an autonomous source of complement C3 and C3a45–47. This evidence concerns the gene C3 and dry age related macular degeneration.