Several protein groups associated with aging and neurodegenerative diseases including apolipoprotein E (ApoE), S100B, Sod1, Sod2, huntingtin (Htt), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (Mif), α-Synuclein (Snca) were modulated by either drug treatment or the behavioural training per se. The gene discussed is SNCA; the disease is neurodegenerative disease.