GLS and cancer: This analysis identified that GLS1, a mitochondrial enzyme that hydrolyzes glutamine into glutamate to fuel rapid cancer cell proliferation, was the only molecule upregulated in both CPI-613-treated HN6 and HN31 cells, regardless of their growth in 2D culture dishes or SeedEZTM scaffolds (Fig. 1C-E), suggesting that glutaminolysis plays a compensatory role in cell survival upon CPI-613 treatment.