To demonstrate the scalability of CIDER, we benchmarked CIDER and other methods on a breast cancer dataset (Dataset 6) containing 170,350 cells from 31 patients with the estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) subtype, the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2−) subtype, and the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) [23]. Here, ESR1 is linked to breast cancer.