Braunersreuther et al. reported that in Nox1/Nox2 knockout mice, myocardial infarct size was significantly smaller than that in wild-type mice subjected to IR (30 min of ischemia and 24 h of reperfusion), the underlying pathways include Akt/ERK in Nox1-knockout mice and STAT3/ERK in Nox2-knockout mice (99). Here, NOX1 is linked to ischemia.