Despite the role of regulatory T cells (Treg) in immune suppression, their depletion in a PDAC mouse model led to the unexpected result of accelerated tumor progression due to their ability to reprogram the fibroblast population and deplete αSMA+ tumor suppressive CAFs via the loss of TGF-β ligands (Zhang et al., 2020). This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and neoplasm.