Moreover, PcrV treatment did not affect the expression levels of genes (e.g., Cox2, Mmp9, Vegfa, and Hif1a; Supplementary Figure 1B) or proteins (e.g., COX2 and vimentin; Supplementary Figure 1C) related to tumor growth and metastasis, or the metastatic ability of LLC cells (Supplementary Figure 1D, E). Here, VEGFA is linked to neoplasm.