APEX1 and cervical cancer: On the other hand, in radiotherapy-resistant cervical cancer cell line (HeLa), the expression of DNA Damage-inducible protein 45α (GADD45α) was detected, promoting the increase cytoplasmic APE1 levels in these cells through overregulation of nitric oxide (NO), and inducing the nuclear export of APE1 to the cytoplasm, promoting cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis (48).