ALAS1 and hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, familial, 4: Indeed a promising treatment against neurovisceral attacks is the use of a siRNA targeting hepatic ALAS1 mRNA [43], [50] However, in a mouse model of AIP involving phenobarbital administration to a HMBS −/− mutant, modulation in mitochondrial complexes consistent with heme deficiency have been reported for brain, liver and skeletal muscle [51], [52].