In rodent AD models, MSC transplantation has been reported to reduce Aβ deposits/plaque formation [11, 62–64] and tau hyperphosphorylation [46, 65], inhibit Aβ- and tau-related cell death, decrease oxidative stress [12, 59] and neuronal apoptosis [12], stimulate autolysosome formation [46], angiogenesis, neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, and neuronal differentiation [12, 62, 66, 67], and improve spatial learning and memory deficits [63, 65]. The gene discussed is MAPT; the disease is Alzheimer disease.