LGALS9 and hepatitis A virus infection: It has been reported that blocking the Tim-3/Gal-9 pathway results in the increase of IFNγ production from hepatic effector T cells, which lead to exacerbated local inflammation and liver damage in a mouse model of concanavalin A-induced hepatitis, indicating the important role of Tim-3/Gal-9 signaling in the maintenance of hepatic homeostasis (41).