The aim of this review is to recapitulate the main positive effects of EGF on the main CNS cells involved directly or indirectly in myelinogenesis; and its role in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune or non-autoimmune-mediated experimental “models” of MS, MS itself, and CNS remyelination failure in MS, as it is demonstrated by the beneficial effects of its in vivo administration in some experimental models (see further on). Here, EGF is linked to myeloid sarcoma.