Taken together, accumulating reports have showed that ALT exerts anticancer effects on various kinds of cancers, such as liver cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, etc. And the potential molecular mechanisms involved in ALT’s anticancer activities are inhibiting JNK and p38 MAPK pathways, PI3K/AKT/GSK3β pathways, NF-κB/COX-2 pathways and promoting cell apoptosis-associated signalings. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and cancer.