CXCL12 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Notably, several chemokines, including CCL5, CCL9, CCL17, CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL12, have been found to regulate the migration of CD8+ T cells into HCC or other solid tumors (Berghuis et al., 2011; Zhang et al., 2020).