We hypothesized that RAS gene SNPs that were associated with hypertension and/or decreased efficacy of ACEIs or ARBs as a result of activated RAS, including AT1R rs5186 [15], AT2R rs11091046 [16], REN rs12750834 [17], ANG rs4762, and ANG rs699 [18], could predispose to a higher risk ofnon-invasive BC. Here, ANG is linked to breast cancer.