Generally, these approaches fall under a “passive” immunotherapy approach, which uses therapies (e.g., antibody-drug conjugates) to recruit effector cells/molecules of the immune system to directly attack tumor cells, and “active” immune approaches (e.g., CAR-T, type I interferons, anti-CTLA4/PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies), which modulate endogenous regulatory immune mechanisms to enhance immune system activation [1]. This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and neoplasm.