The results confirmed that compared with the sham group, rat in the stroke or PSD group showed lower levels of Olig‐2, a marker for oligodendrocyte transcription factors, and lower level of MBP, a marker for myelin basic protein, indicating that there were fewer oligodendrocytes and myelin in the SVZ of stroke or PSD rats (p < 0.01). This evidence concerns the gene OLIG2 and Stroke.