LCN2 and diabetes mellitus: In addition, in the researches for new biomarkers that identify the risk of reducing glomerular filtration rate (GFR) independent of albuminuria in diabetes, levels of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), and retinol-binding protein (RBP), tubular damage biomarkers were increased in NADRI, significantly correlated with eGFR and may serve as noninvasive biomarkers of NADRI [66, 67], to some extent, which support the tubular injury in NADRI.