TGFB1 and COVID-19: Regarding the humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2, several studies demonstrated an extraordinary B-cell response with the absence of germline centers in deceased COVID-19 patients,22 an extensive class switching to IgG and IgA accompanied by limited somatic hypermutation,23 as well as TGF-β instructed SARS-CoV-2 unspecific B-cell responses.24 As others have previously shown,8 we observed a significant expansion of plasmablasts in severe COVID-19 patients accompanied by IgA and IgG SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies.