ESR1 and breast carcinoma: Similarly, quercetin also results in cell cycle arrest via modulation of Foxo3a activity in breast cancer.89-94 Interestingly, luteolin causes cytotoxicity in breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231 via suppression of epidermal growth factor receptor-mediated pathway IGF-1 pathway-dependent ERα.95 Moreover, different phenolic acids such as ferulic acid, caffeic acid, and gallic acid also induces apoptosis in ER+ and ER– breast cancer cell lines.88,96,97