RT can trigger ICD of cancer cells through emission of tumor-associated antigen and ICD-associated danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), such as exposure of calreticulin on the surface of dying cancer cells, and the release of large amounts of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) into the extracellular milieu, consequently resulting in activation of antitumor immunity (Fig. 3e)9. The gene discussed is HMGB1; the disease is cancer.