BDNF and Hypertension: Recent studies have shown that the increased degree of arterial stiffness in patients with hypertension leads to a decrease in the level of brain-derived neurotrophic factors in the hippocampus, which may cause memory impairment, cognitive impairments such as vascular dementia [6,7], as well as negative changes in the volume and function of the prefrontal lobe cortex and its lower regions.