TP53 and gastric carcinoma: Manikandan et al. examined the modulating influences of eugenol on NF-κB signaling in gastric carcinoma due to N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) in a rat model by analyzing the expression of NF-κB family members ((NF-κB, p50, and p65), kappaB alpha inhibitor (IκBα), phosphorylated IκBα (p-IκBα), IκB kinase β (IKKβ)), and the NF-κB target genes that enhance (e.g., cyclin D1, cyclin B, and PCNA) or hinder (e.g., p21, p53, and Gadd45) cell proliferation and cell survival.