TGF-β, IL-8, TNF-α and IL-6, Colony-stimulating factor (CSF)-1, IFNs cause an alteration in Treg cell diffraction and stimulate a Treg-mediated increased expression of PD-L-1, inhibiting the anti-tumour effect of cancer-effector cells and promoting cancer immune escape [125]. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and cancer.