Putative oncogenic and targetable mutations could be found in individual tumor samples in FGFR2 (SNUC, SNSCC non-keratinizing), FGFR3 (SNSCC-associated with ISP), MAP1K2 (SNAC), MET (ISP-associated SNSCC), MAP2K1 (SNAC) and HRAS (SNSCC keratinizing and ITAC). This evidence concerns the gene HRAS and neoplasm.