More importantly, in the context of solid malignancies, IL-7- and CCL19-secreting mesothelin-targeting CAR T cells displayed a low expression of markers associated with T cell exhaustion, including PD-1 and TIGIT, and had enhanced efficacy against orthotopic pre-established malignant mesothelioma xenograft models, as well as patient-derived xenograft models of mesothelin-positive pancreatic cancer [112]. This evidence concerns the gene MSLN and malignant mesothelioma.