Assuming that, e.g., tumor cells have become insensitive to the antiproliferative signaling of TGF-β due to loss of smad4 [62] or p53 [63], a high TGF-β concentration actually promotes their proliferation and invasion of the surrounding tissue [64], because it suppresses the growth of normal cells, suppresses the immune system’s antitumor activity [65], triggers epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) [66], and promotes angiogenesis. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is neoplasm.