TNF and cancer: Forty-two significantly enriched KEGG pathways were obtained for the first group, among which ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, the TNF signaling pathway, the TGF-β signaling pathway, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, the P53 signaling pathway, the Hippo signaling pathway, the cell cycle, and pathways in cancer, as well as many solid and hematological malignancies were included.