GPC3 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Serum biomarkers of HCC such as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), AFP-L3 (a glycoform of AFP), des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin, glypican-3 (GPC3), or osteopontin [13] may provide information about the biological aggressiveness of HCC but, unfortunately, they are not sufficiently accurate to form part of screening strategies.