Our results confirmed that, although alcohol abuse can induce colonic inflammation and affect intestinal functions and microbiota composition, the damaging effects of ethanol were more prominent in the WT than in the TLR4-KO mice, probably due to the lack of an innate immune response associated with TLR4 receptors, as well as to the development of the different microbiota. This evidence concerns the gene TLR4 and alcohol dependence.