The underlying etiology of β cell mass loss in type 2 diabetes is thought to be due to an increase in β-cell apoptosis rate [5], as chronic exposure to insulin resistance imposes a high workload on β cells in order to meet the higher demand for insulin secretion, which makes β cells vulnerable to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress [6,7]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.