LPP and infection: (B) hMDMs were infected with Lpp-WT-GFP (green), the nuclei of host cells were stained with Hoechst (Nuc, blue), and Annexin-V Alexa Fluor 647 was added to the cell culture to monitor early cell death (Annexin, yellow) from 1 to 18 hr post-infection (hpi) in nontreated or BTB-treated hMDMs.