EGCG was associated with fewer enriched KEGG pathways than caffeine, including inflammation-related pathways (chemokine signaling, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, MAPK signaling, Toll-like receptor signaling, NOD-like receptor signaling, NF-κB signaling, etc.), metabolism-related pathways (steroid biosynthesis, glycerophospholipid metabolism, fat digestion and absorption, mTOR signaling, insulin secretion, FoxO signaling, etc.), and other NAFLD-associated pathways (bile secretion) (Figure 7D). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.