Unlike CD-19- or BMAC-directed CAR-T cell therapy for hematologic malignancies, CAR-T cells directed against solid tumor antigens, such as PD-L1 and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), have had less clinical success due to obstacles pertaining to the suppressive nature of the tumor microenvironment and therapy persistence within the tumor (306). Here, CD19 is linked to neoplasm.