Additionally, AFAP1-AS1, a dramatically up-regulated lncRNA in esophageal cancer tissues and DDP-resistant esophageal cancer cells, has been found to be positively associated with not only advanced clinical stages and definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT) response, but also shorter OS and progression free survival (PFS) (Zhou et al., 2016). Here, AFAP1 is linked to esophageal cancer.