In this regard, we also found an association of high expression of TNF superfamily members (TNF, TNFAIP3, TNFRSF14 (HVEM)) with a significantly shorter PFS in patients with SMM suggesting that the presence of a pro-inflammatory microenvironment may contribute to myeloma progression instead of generating an efficient anti-myeloma response. This evidence concerns the gene TNFRSF14 and plasma cell myeloma.