TP53 and cancer: In HBV-induced HCC, the somatic mutation in HCC evolution mainly alters seven cancer-related pathways: signaling pathway related with telomere maintenance, Wnt/β-catenin pathway, P53 and cell cycle pathway, oxidative stress pathway, epigenome modifiers, RAS/RAF/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mTOR pathways (102).