Adalimumab is a widely used anti-TNF-α therapeutic protein for the treatment of RA and psoriasis by neutralizing TNF-α or by affecting the expression profiles of genes involved in the pathophysiology of diseases (Wcisło-Dziadecka et al., 2018; Grabarek et al., 2019; Grabarek et al., 2021). Here, TNF is linked to rheumatoid arthritis.