It is also unclear how PipB2 would play into this connection between the SCV, AnxA2, and VAP, as the ∆pipB2 single effector deletion mutant remains in very close proximity to the Golgi during infection and the ∆pipB2 mutant only exhibits a mild decrease in intramacrophage replication relative to wild type11,65. This evidence concerns the gene ANXA2 and infection.