In this context, Catalogue Of Somatic Mutations In Cancer (COSMIC) mutational signature 3 (CSig3) is associated with HRRd caused by a variety of genomic and epigenomic alterations in well-characterized HRR pathway genes, including BRCA1, BRCA2, partner and localizer of BRCA2 (PALB2), and RAD51 paralog D (RAD51D) (17, 19, 20). This evidence concerns the gene BRCA1 and cancer.