ALK and non-small cell lung carcinoma: For example, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, detected in approximately 10–20% of Caucasian and at least 50% of Asian NSCLC patients [18], or anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangements, constituting about 4–5% of all NSCLC cases [19], represent good predictive factors because they can confer responsiveness to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).