IL1B and asthma: <h4>Background</h4>Preclinical studies implicate interleukin (IL)-1β as a key mediator of asthma and have shown the efficacy of IL-1 antagonism for treatment of allergic airway inflammation; human studies in this area are lacking.<h4>Objectives</h4>Our aim was to study the relationship of airway IL-1β to features of acute allergen-induced asthma exacerbation in humans.<h4>Methods</h4>Dust mite-allergic adults with mild asthma underwent inhalation challenge with Dermatophagoides farinae.