When BE was defined as intestinal metaplasia (IM) in 26 studies, we found an increased negative correlation between Hp prevalence and BE (OR = 0.64; 95% CI, 0.51–0.80; P = 0.0001; I2 = 90%) [11, 12, 13, 36, 38, 40, 42–45, 50, 52–58, 60–67]. The gene discussed is HP; the disease is Barrett esophagus.