After mice were treated with anti-CTLA-4 mAb targeting CTLA-4, immunosuppressive TME was reduced and the infiltration of CD8+ T cells into the tumor was increased (Fig. 1 and Fig. 3), which facilitated to improve antigen-specific CTL killing and anti-tumor effect in mice receiving anti-CTLA-4 mAb (Supplementary Fig. S3). Here, CD8A is linked to neoplasm.