TGFB1 and Fanconi anemia: For example, a recent study found that TGFβ inhibition induces HR and suppresses non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) in hematopoietic stem cells derived from mice with Fanconi Anemia (60), while another recent study showed that both HR and NHEJ were downregulated upon TGFβ inhibition in leukemia cells (55).