Insulin, c-peptide, and HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance) have been positively associated with the genus Collinsella in early pregnancy of obese and overweight women [26]; the same study has noted a positive correlation between the genus Coprococcus and the levels of GIP (Gastric Inhibitory Peptide), an incretin that acts by stimulating insulin secretion. This evidence concerns the gene INS and Insulin resistance.