In the present study, we established a linear inverse correlation between LVGFI and Log RR for MACEs after adjusting for sex, age, BMI, ischemia cardiomyopathy, LBBB on EKG, QRS duration, RBBB on EKG, intraventricular block on EKG, AF on EKG; Na+, Cl–, BNP, Hb, creatinine, WBC, LV-LGE, RVEDV, and RVEF, respectively (Supplementary Figure 1). This evidence concerns the gene NPPB and atrial fibrillation.