EGF and pulmonary arterial hypertension: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by higher catalytic activity of NE hydrolyzing extracellular matrix components (elastin, laminin, collagen, and fibronectin) which in turn release epidermal growth factor (EGF) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF), leading to adverse vascular remodeling (Zhu et al., 1994; Taylor et al., 2018).