Historical and active investigations continue to indicate that naturally-occurring tumor histologies, in particular OMM, might be responsive to checkpoint blockade interventions (PD-1/PD-L1) (120); with predicted reversal of exhausted T cell responses following checkpoint inhibition being predicated on existing data that demonstrates an immune-inflamed phenotype of OMM (135, 150), in conjunction with the expression of PD-L1 by OMM cells (120, 130, 132). The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is neoplasm.